How can we identify and manage emotions in school?

In an educational environment, students can experience a wide range of emotions, from excitement and joy to frustration or anxiety. An enthusiastic student may be motivated to explore new topics and actively engage in the learning process, while anxiety can affect concentration and self-confidence. How can we identify these emotions and manage them effectively?

However, before discussing emotions, it is useful to make a brief distinction between the terms “emotions” and “feelings.” Although these terms are interchangeable, there are subtle nuances in interpretation. Emotions are immediate and short-lived responses, while feelings are cognitive interpretations and the awareness of these emotions. Nevertheless, in practice, it is important to understand that this distinction is not always rigid, and the use of these terms may vary.

Identifying Emotions

To identify these emotions, teachers can carefully observe facial expressions, body language, class participation levels, and students’ social interactions. Open and friendly communication, as well as creating a safe environment, encourages students to share their feelings more easily. It is essential to pay attention to behavioral or academic changes that may indicate the presence of specific emotions.

Happiness:
Behavioral Manifestations: Smiling, laughter, positive energy.
Identification: Students will be open, collaborative, and actively participate in activities.

Sadness:
Behavioral Manifestations: Looking down, lack of energy, withdrawn.
Identification: Lack of interest in activities, changes in social behavior.

Fear/Anxiety:
Behavioral Manifestations: Nervousness, exaggerated reactivity, avoidance of certain situations.
Identification: Physical manifestations such as trembling, looking around, reluctance to participate.

Anger/Irritation:
Behavioral Manifestations: Emotional outbursts, aggressive reactions, inappropriate language.
Identification: Conflictual behaviors, disobedience, aggressive verbal expressions.

Surprise:
Behavioral Manifestations: Wide-eyed expression, intense reactions.
Identification: Temporary forgetfulness of tasks, frequent questions.

Disgust:
Behavioral Manifestations: Grimaces, physical manifestations of rejection.
Identification: Refusal of certain foods or tasks, facial expressions of rejection.

Confusion:
Behavioral Manifestations: Questioning gaze, misunderstanding of tasks.
Identification: Frequent questions, uncertainties in the learning process.

Managing Emotions in the Classroom

Managing students’ emotions is an essential component of a healthy learning environment, profoundly impacting their academic, social, and emotional development. This skill not only contributes to increased comfort and happiness in school but also shapes emotionally responsible and balanced adults.

A. Stimulating and Encouraging Positive Emotions:

Rewards and Recognition:

• Offer symbolic rewards for students’ achievements;
• Publicly acknowledge positive efforts and contributions;

Creative and Collaborative Activities:

• Introduce creative activities that stimulate artistic expression and imagination;
• Promote teamwork to develop positive relationships;

Social Skills Development:

• Include social skills development programs to improve interpersonal relationships;
• Promote empathy and mutual understanding;

Positive Role Models:

• Demonstrate positive behavior by teachers and school staff;
• Invite mentors or speakers to share success experiences;

Meaningful and Relevant Projects:

• Connect learning subjects with projects that have an impact and relevance in the community;
• Encourage students to identify personal goals and learning objectives.

B. Managing Negative Emotions:

Open Communication:

• Create a safe environment where students feel comfortable sharing their emotions;
• Encourage open dialogue to understand the sources of stress or frustration;

Relaxation and Breathing Techniques:

• Teach relaxation and breathing techniques for stress management;
• Introduce short breaks for relaxation activities during the school day;

Problem Solving:

• Encourage students to identify solutions to their problems and find constructive ways to address them;
• Provide support and guidance in conflict resolution;

Emotional Planning:

• Introduce emotional planning activities to help students recognize and manage their feelings;
• Educate about the importance of reflection and emotional awareness;

Support Resources:

• Provide access to school counselors or external emotional support resources;
• Involve parents in the emotional management process.